Disaster Management How to React respond and Prepare

Disaster Management

DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE:
  1. Pre disaster
  2. During disaster
  3. Post-disaster.

1.Pre – Disaster Management:-

To reduce the potential for human materials or environmental  losses caused by hazards and to ensure that these loser are minimized when the disaster actually strikes.

2.DuringDisaster Management:-

To ensure  that the need and provisions of victims are met to  alleviate and minimize suffering.

3.Post  Disaster Management :-

To archive rapid and durable recovery which does not reproduce  the   original vulnerable conditions.

1.Disaster event :-  this refers to the “real – time”   event of a hazard occurring and affecting elements at risk.

The duration of the event  will depend on  the type of threat ground shaking may  only occur for a matter of seconds during an earthquakes while  flooding may take place over a longer sustained  period.

2.Response and  relief :-

It includes setting up control  rooms . putting the  contingency plan in action , issue warning , action for evaluation , taking people to safe areas,    rendering medical aid to the needy . ect.

3.Recovery:-

In this  the phases are emergency  relief , rehabilitation and reconstruction.

1.EMERGENCY RELIEF :- activities under taken during and immediately following a disaster , which  include immediate relief , rescue , damage , needs assessment and debris  clearance.

2.REHABILITIES :- it includes the  provision of temporary public utilities and housing as interim measures to assist longer teem  recovery.

3.Reconstruction :-  it includes replacement of buildings , infrashniclire life line facilities.

4.Development :- development and an ongoing process  or ongoing activity. Disaster reduction measures like construction of embankments against flooding. Imgation  facilities  as drought proofing measures , increasing plant  cover  to reduce the  occurrences  of landslides , land use planning construction  of house capable of  withstanding the onslaught  of heavy rains/wind speeds and shocks of earthquakes  are  some of  the activities  that can  be taken up as part of development plans.

5.Prevention and mitigation  :-

The term “Preventation” is often used to embrace the wide diversity of measures to protect persons and   properly its use is not recommended since it is misleading in its implicit suggestion that natural disasters are preventable.

Mitigation embraces all measures taken to reduce   both the effect of the hazard itself and    the vulnerable conditions to it in order to reduce the   scale of a future disaster.

6.PREPAREDNESS:-

This brings us to the all important issues of disaster preparedness. It includes the formulation of viable emergency plans the development of warning system, the maintenance of inventories and the training of personnel.


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